Prameny k dějinám Židů v Čechách a na Moravě ve středověku for four years in advance." The record names individual people with the precise amount they have paid to the royal chamber in the four-year period. It is essential that the paid amount was not the same for all people, but fluctuated from a pair of groschen to several threescore. The Wroclaw records hence tell us a number of important facts. The amount of tax paid by Jews, as with Christians, was with greatest likelihood derived from the amount of property owned. As with medieval Christian society, individual Jewish commu- nities were also hie rarchical and structured according to property. Besides wealthy lenders whose connections reached all the way to the sovereign’s court, there was also a whole range of community members of medium wealth or small craftsmen and tradesmen, who paid considerably lower amounts of the Jewish tax than their wealthier coreligionists did. Although we lack similar evidence from the domestic milieu, we need not doubt that the practice of tax collection in the Jewish communities in Bohemia and Moravia functioned very similarly as in Wroclaw. In the entries in the Saint Paul Form, there is only a single promissory note to a Jewish financier. It relates to an interest-free loan (atypical for the period) in the amount of 20 marks, which the Jew Mušlín provided to the royal chamberlain Burchard of Magdeburg. Muslín was a member of the Prague Jewish community and also the only person of Jewish origin who could hypothetically be connected through the person of Burchard of Magdeburg with the mining business in the emerging mining centre of Kutná Hora.' In several other promissory notes found in the Saint Paul Form, a clause appears quite commonly allowing a creditor who did not received a payment to date to get the money back through a loan “at Jews" (in Judea), to the detriment of the debtor, who him- self took on the payment of interest. In 1287, Bishop Tobiáš of Bechyně borrowed from an unnamed Prague Jew the sum of 120 marks for the journey to the council in Würzburg and also left him a silver chalice as collateral (Nr. 71). Similarly the Cistercian monastery in Sedlec had to pledge unspecified cloister jewels to the Jews at the time of unfavourable 70 economic developments in the land after the death of Premysl Otakar II." 67) CDM VII, Nr. 595, p. 434; CDM VII, Nr. 598, p. 436. 68) He died sometime before 1302, which we discover from a document in which his widow along with his son-in-law Avigdor and Muslin’s descendants declare that all their claims towards St John’s Hospitallers from Our Lady under the Chain have been paid back. The document confirms not only to the conclusion of loans with Jewish moneylenders nego- tiated by the commander of one of the leading orders in Bohemia, but also indicates some other members of the Prague Jewish community at the beginning of the 14h century, because the witnesses were the Prague Jews Baruch, Vogel, Isaac and a certain Swargeueranus (RBM II, Nr. 2763, p. 1207). 69) JANAČEK 1972, p. 895; 83, p. 67; LOSERTH ed. 1896, Nr. 63, pp. 64-65, Nr. 10, pp. 341-342, TADRA ed. 1882, Nr. 135, p. 471. 70) ČELAKOVSKÝ/VOJTÍŠEK 1916, p. 19. LVIII